Noise and Interference in Various Types of Communication

In communication studies and information theory, noise  refers to anything that interferes with the communication process between a speaker and an audience. Its also called interference. Noise can be external (a physical sound) or internal (a mental disturbance), and it can disrupt the communication process at any point. Another way to think of noise, notes Alan Jay Zaremba, author of Crisis Communication: Theory and Practice is as a factor that reduces the chances of successful communication but does not guarantee failure. Examples and Observations Craig E. Carroll, author of The Handbook of Communication and Corporate Reputation likens noise to second-hand smoke having negative impacts on people without anyones consent. External noises are sights, sounds and other stimuli that draw peoples attention away from the message. For instance, a pop-up advertisement may draw your attention away from a web page or blog. Likewise, static or service interruptions can play havoc in cell phone conversations, the sound of a fire engine may distract you from a professors lecture or the smell of donuts may interfere with your train of thought during a conversation with a friend.(From Communicate! by Kathleen Verderber, Rudolph Verderber, and Deanna Sellnows) Kinds of Noise There are four kinds of noise. Physiological noise is a distraction caused by hunger, fatigue, headaches, medication and other factors that affect how we feel and think. Physical noise is interference in our environments, such as noises made by others, overly dim or bright lights, spam and pop-up ads, extreme temperatures, and crowded conditions. Psychological noise refers to qualities in us that affect how we communicate and interpret others. For instance, if you are preoccupied with a problem, you may be inattentive at a team meeting. Likewise, prejudice and defensive feelings can interfere with communication. Finally, semantic noise exists when words themselves are not mutually understood. Authors sometimes create semantic  noise by using jargon  or unnecessarily technical language.(From Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters by Julia T. Wood) Noise in Rhetorical Communication Noise...refers to any element that interferes  with the generation of the intended meaning in the mind of the receiver...Noise may arise in the source, in the channel; or in the receiver. This factor of  noise  is not an essential part of the rhetorical  communication process. The  communication process  is always hampered to some degree if noise is present. Unfortunately, noise is almost always present. As a cause of failure in rhetorical communication, noise in the receiver is second only to noise in the source. Receivers of rhetorical communication are people, and no two people are exactly alike. Consequently, it is impossible for the source to determine the exact effect that a message will have upon a given receiver...The noise within the receiver—the psychology of the receiver—will determine to a great extent what the receiver will perceive.(From An Introduction to Rhetorical Communication: A Western Rhetorical Perspective by James C. McCroskey) Noise in Intercultural Communication For effective communication in an intercultural interaction, participants must rely on a common language, which usually means that one or more individuals will not be using their native tongue. Native fluency in a second language is difficult, especially when nonverbal behaviors are considered. People who use another language will often have an accent or might misuse a word or phrase, which can adversely affect the receivers understanding of the message. This type of distraction referred to as semantic noise, also encompasses jargon, slang  and even specialized professional terminology.(From Understanding Intercultural Communication: The Working Principles by Edwin R McDaniel, et al) Sources Verderber, Kathleen; Verderber, Rudolph; Sellnows, Deanna. Communicate! 14th Edtion. Wadsworth Cengage, 2014Wood, Julia T. Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters, Sixth Edition. Wadsworth, 2010McCroskey, James C. An Introduction to Rhetorical Communication: A Western Rhetorical Perspective, Ninth Edition. Routledge, 2016McDaniel, Edwin R. et al. Understanding Intercultural Communication: The Working Principles. from Intercultural Communication: A Reader, 12th Edition. Wadsworth, 2009

The Effects Of Special Interest On Hispanic Students

These types of services might be of special interest to the LEALES members considering, that Latino students because of their racial and socio-economic background tend to come largely from under-resourced, understaffed, underperforming, and inadequately funded schools. (Saenz Ponjuan, 2009) This often means that the teachers at the schools were underprepared and had a high turnover rate. This might be one of the reasons that 41% of Latino students require remediation courses and only 13% of Hispanics met the ACT readiness benchmark for all 4 subjects: English, reading, math, and science. (National Conference of State Legislators, n.d.) Therefore, the tutoring services might be very beneficial to some LEALES members. Additionally, as first-generation college students LEALES members are also more likely to lack study and time management skill (Engle, Bermeo, O Brien, 2006), something which LARC could also help address. 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Gender Movements and General History of the 1960s - 644 Words

Gender Movements and General History Gender movements of 1960 encompassed more than the rights of women. The most common phrase that was used at that time was personal is political. This phrase was widely used by social movements of that time including the Women Liberation Movement. The input of women in social movements like Civil Rights Movement, the movement against the War in Vietnam, and myriad student movements was enormous despite the fact that they were not trusted with leadership positions. At formative stages, these movements called for more student rights and decision making power in college. They also agitated for end of Vietnam War, a war that was unpopular with many Americans. They also wanted the black population to be allowed to vote. These movements other than being thought of as fighting for personal issues also fought for political emancipation as they also clamored for social justice in the society (Mandle, n.d.). The 1960 America was characterized with anti-war and anti-government sentiments. Unfortunately, this is a period in history when America lost some of its greatest leaders to assassins bullets. Talk of J.F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, and Robert Kennedy. Conspiracy theorists have found it convenient to link the assassinations of both Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King to suspicions about John F. Kennedys murder. Because the government of the day did not come clear about what could have been the motivation behind JFKs murder, thisShow MoreRelatedThe Fascination with Rock Music in The 1960s1296 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the 1960’s, popular music empowered youth and emphasized this portion of the population as a whole. As the cold war comes to an end in history, society’s unnerve, especially among the newer generations, assembled ideas in order to create a certain understanding of their desires. 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Why I Want to Attend Ohio State free essay sample

On my official visit to OSU, a gentleman who currently attends the university said something that really stuck with me during the course of the visit. He said, â€Å" Choosing OSU was one of the best decisions that I have ever made. All of the schools you just mentioned were on my list as well, and the best advice I can give to you is go with the school that feels right, the one that feels like you fit in and the one that makes you comfortable.† I have always been focused on achieving excellence in my academic career. Additional activities such as athletics and community service helped me learn leadership and how to take initiative. Throughout my visit I was able to see how I would be able to fit in with the other students, while continuing all of my achievements. While attending The Ohio State University, I will be able to attain my bachelors degree in Physical Education(k-12) and also my Master degree in Mathematics(7-12). We will write a custom essay sample on Why I Want to Attend Ohio State or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page During which I will have the opportunity to play club sports such as women’s ice hockey as well. In conjunction with impeccably fitting in at OSU, I am very interested in the school because of its location. Being only an hour or so from home, I will be able to stay actively involved in Keaton, my seven year old brothers life. Keaton is tremendously important to my life, and I want to be there for him when he needs me. Also, I do not want to miss out on his childhood because I am too far away from him. I will be able to attend important gatherings to watch him grow, excel, and perform throughout my years at OSU. Just another reason why I am so interested in attending The Ohio State University.